每周分子Molecule of the Week

ACS美国化学会 2022-07-01

Molecule of the Week: Stevioside

每周分子：甜菊糖

甜菊糖是一种在甜叶菊（原产于巴拉圭和巴西的向日葵科植物中的一种）的叶子中发现的甜菊糖苷。法国化学家M. Bridel和R. Lavielle在1931年发现了甜菊糖，并以植物属命名。1980年，日本理化学研究所(现位于日本和光市的Riken)的Tomoya Ogawa和他的同事报道了甜菊糖的全合成。

几个世纪以来，南美人一直使用S. rebaudiana 的干叶子作为甜味剂。最近，在世界其他地方发现了含有甜菊糖和糖苷的同类叶菊甙的甜菊产品作为普通糖（蔗糖）的非营养性替代品。1克甜菊糖约和300g蔗糖一样甜。

甜菊糖信息速览

CAS 登记号	57817-89-7
摩尔质量	804.87 g/mol
分子式	C₃₈H₆₀O₁₈
外观	白色粉末
熔点	198 ºC
水溶性	≈4 g/L

甜菊糖危害信息

GHS 分类^*：非危害物质或混合物

【关于每周分子】

自2001年以来，“每周分子”已成为广受欢迎的栏目。多数分子由读者推荐。每个结构都经由科学家审查，并以3-D和平面图像的形式显示，同时附有该分子简介。可以通过美国化学文摘社（CAS）提供的SciFinder中的CAS REGISTRY获取每周分子的更多信息。CAS REGISTRY中的每条物质信息都展示了物质的CAS登记号、索引名、通用名、商品名、书目信息等其他更多信息。发送邮件至motw@acs.org推荐您感兴趣的分子。

Stevioside is a steviol glycoside found in the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, a member of the sunflower family that is native to Paraguay and Brazil. French chemists M. Bridel and R. Lavielle discovered stevioside in 1931 and named it after the plant’s genus. In 1980, Tomoya Ogawa and colleagues at the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (now Riken) in Wakō, Japan reported the total synthesis of stevioside.

For centuries, South Americans have used the dried leaves of S.rebaudiana as a sweetener. More recently, stevia products that contain stevioside and its glycoside cousin rebaudioside were “discovered” in the rest of the world as a non-nutritive replacement for common sugar (sucrose). One gram of stevioside is estimated to be as sweet as ≈300 g sucrose.

Stevioside fast facts

CAS Reg. No.	57817-89-7
Molar mass	804.87 g/mol
Empirical formula	C₃₈H₆₀O₁₈
Appearance	White powder
Melting point	198 ºC
Water solubility	≈4 g/L

Stevioside hazard information

GHS classification*: not a hazardous substance or mixture

*Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals.

About Molecule of the Week

MOTW has been a popular feature on ACS website since 2001. Many molecules are suggested by our website visitors. Every structure is reviewed by a scientist and displayed in 3-D and flat images with a brief description. Each week’s molecule also links to a sample record from the CAS REGISTRY, which is searched using SciFinder. Each record displays the registry number, index name and synonyms, bibliographic information, and more. Send us a molecule suggestion at motw@acs.org.

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